下拉菜单(Dropdowns)
使用Bootstrap下拉菜单插件切换上下文覆盖效果,显示连接列表以及更多的内容。
概述
下拉列表是可切换的上下文覆盖,用于显示链接列表等。它们与附带的Bootstrap 下拉JavaScript插件交互。它们是通过点击来切换的,而不是通过悬停来切换的;这是一个有意的设计决定。
下拉菜单是透过第三方插件Popper所建构的,这提供了动态位置及viewport的监控。使用前请确认popper.min.js 在Bootstrap的JavaScript之前,或者使用已经包含Popper的bootstrap.bundle.min.js /bootstrap.bundle.js。因为不需要动态定位,Popper并没有用于导航条下拉菜单的定位。
亲和性
WAI-ARIA标准定义了一个实际的role=“menu”小部件,但这是特定于触发动作或功能的应用程序类菜单的。ARIA菜单只能包含菜单项、复选框菜单项、单选按钮菜单项、单选按钮组和子菜单。
另一方面,Bootstrap的下拉列表被设计成通用的,并且适用于各种情况和标记结构。例如,可以创建包含其他输入和表单控件(如搜索字段或登录表单)的下拉列表。因此,Bootstrap并不期望(也不会自动添加)真正的aria菜单所需的任何role和aria属性。作者将不得不包括这些更具体的属性本身。
但是,Bootstrap确实为大多数标准的键盘菜单交互添加了内置支持,例如使用光标键在单个下拉项元素之间移动,并使用ESC键关闭菜单的功能。
示例
将下拉菜单的切换(按钮或链接)和下拉菜单包装在.dropdown中,或其他声明position:relative;的元素中;。可以从a或button元素触发下拉列表,以更好地满足您的潜在需求。这里显示的示例在适当的地方使用语义ul元素,但是支持自定义标记。
单个按钮
任何单个.btn都可以变成一个下拉切换,并有一些标记更改。下面是如何将它们与button元素一起使用:
<div class="dropdown">
<button class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenuButton1" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown button
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuButton1">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
或者是透过a元素:
<div class="dropdown">
<a class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" href="#" role="button" id="dropdownMenuLink" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown link
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuLink">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
最好的部分地方是,您也可以使用任何按钮变体来实现这一点:
<!-- Example single danger button -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Action
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
拆分按钮
同样的,透过与单个按钮下拉菜单几乎相同的标记,创建分割按钮下拉菜单,但是添加了.dropdown-toggle-split以在下拉插入符号做适当间隔。
我们使用这个额外的class将插入符号的两边水平padding减少了25%,并移除了为常规按钮下拉菜单添加的margin-left。这些额外的变化使插入符号集中在分割按钮中,并在主按钮旁边提供适当的空间。
<!-- Example split danger button -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">Action</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="visually-hidden">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
大小
按钮下拉列表适用于所有大小的按钮,包括默认和拆分下拉按钮。
<!-- Large button groups (default and split) -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Large button
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
...
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg" type="button">
Large split button
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="visually-hidden">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
...
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Small button
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
...
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm" type="button">
Small split button
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="visually-hidden">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
...
</ul>
</div>
深色下拉列表
选择较暗的下拉菜单以匹配深色导航栏或自定义样式,方法是将.dropdown menu dark添加到现有的.dropdown menu。不需要更改下拉项。
<div class="dropdown">
<button class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenuButton2" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown button
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-dark" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuButton2">
<li><a class="dropdown-item active" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
把它放在导航栏里:
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#navbarNavDarkDropdown" aria-controls="navbarNavDarkDropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNavDarkDropdown">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDarkDropdownMenuLink" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-dark" aria-labelledby="navbarDarkDropdownMenuLink">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
方向
RTL
在RTL中使用Bootstrap时,方向是镜像的,这意味着dropstart将出现在右侧。
向上
通过将.dropup添加到父元素,触发元素上方的下拉菜单。
<!-- Default dropup button -->
<div class="btn-group dropup">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropup
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<!-- Dropdown menu links -->
</ul>
</div>
<!-- Split dropup button -->
<div class="btn-group dropup">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">
Split dropup
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="visually-hidden">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<!-- Dropdown menu links -->
</ul>
</div>
向右
通过将.dropend添加到父元素,触发元素右侧的下拉菜单。
<!-- Default dropend button -->
<div class="btn-group dropend">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropright
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<!-- Dropdown menu links -->
</ul>
</div>
<!-- Split dropend button -->
<div class="btn-group dropend">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">
Split dropend
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="visually-hidden">Toggle Dropright</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<!-- Dropdown menu links -->
</ul>
</div>
向左
通过将.dropstart添加到父元素,触发元素左侧的下拉菜单。
<!-- Default dropstart button -->
<div class="btn-group dropstart">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropstart
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<!-- Dropdown menu links -->
</ul>
</div>
<!-- Split dropstart button -->
<div class="btn-group">
<div class="btn-group dropstart" role="group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="visually-hidden">Toggle Dropstart</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<!-- Dropdown menu links -->
</ul>
</div>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">
Split dropstart
</button>
</div>
菜单项
在过去下拉菜单内容必须是个链接,但v5不再是这样。现在您可以选择在下拉菜单中使用button元素,而不是仅使用a。
<div class="dropdown">
<button class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu2" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu2">
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Another action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Something else here</button></li>
</ul>
</div>
也可以使用.dropdown item文本创建非交互式下拉项。您可以随意使用自定义CSS或文本工具进一步设计样式。
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><span class="dropdown-item-text">Dropdown item text</span></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
激活
将.active添加到下拉列表中的项以将其设置为活动样式。要将活动状态传递给无障碍请使用aria-current属性并将page上的属性设为true。
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Regular link</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item active" href="#" aria-current="true">Active link</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another link</a></li>
</ul>
禁用
将.disabled添加到下拉列表中的项以将其样式设置为禁用。
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Regular link</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled link</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another link</a></li>
</ul>
菜单对齐
默认情况下,下拉菜单自动定位在距父菜单顶部100%的位置,并沿父菜单的左侧。你可以用directive.drop*类来改变这一点,但是你也可以用附加的修饰符类来控制它们。
将.dropdown menu添加到.dropdown menu以右对齐下拉菜单。在RTL中使用引导时,方向是镜像的,这意味着下拉菜单结束将出现在左侧。
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Right-aligned menu example
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-end">
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Another action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Something else here</button></li>
</ul>
</div>
响应式对齐
如果要使用响应式对齐,请通过添加data bs display=“static”属性禁用动态定位,并使用响应式变量类。
T要将下拉菜单与给定断点或更大断点右对齐,请添加.下拉菜单.dropdown-menu{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl|-xxl}-end
。
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" data-bs-display="static" aria-expanded="false">
Left-aligned but right aligned when large screen
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-lg-end">
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Another action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Something else here</button></li>
</ul>
</div>
要将下拉菜单与给定断点或更大断点左对齐,请添加.dropdown-menu-end
and
.dropdown-menu{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl|-xxl}-start
。
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" data-bs-display="static" aria-expanded="false">
Right-aligned but left aligned when large screen
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-end dropdown-menu-lg-start">
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Another action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Something else here</button></li>
</ul>
</div>
注意,您不需要向navbars中的下拉按钮添加data bs display=“static”属性,因为navbars中没有使用Popper。
对齐选项
考虑到上面显示的大多数选项,这里有一个综合演示,在一个地方有各种下拉对齐选项的下拉列表菜单。
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenuButton" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuButton">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Right-aligned menu
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-end">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" data-bs-display="static" aria-expanded="false">
Left-aligned, right-aligned lg
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-lg-end">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" data-bs-display="static" aria-expanded="false">
Right-aligned, left-aligned lg
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-end dropdown-menu-lg-start">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group dropstart">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropstart
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group dropend">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropend
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group dropup">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropup
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Menu item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
菜单内容
头部
在任何下拉菜单中添加标题以标记操作的各个部分。
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><h6 class="dropdown-header">Dropdown header</h6></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
</ul>
分隔
用分隔符分隔相关菜单项组。
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
文本
将任意形式的文本放置在带有文本的下拉菜单中,并使用间距工具。请注意,您可能需要其他大小调整样式来约束菜单宽度。
<div class="dropdown-menu p-4 text-muted" style="max-width: 200px;">
<p>
Some example text that's free-flowing within the dropdown menu.
</p>
<p class="mb-0">
And this is more example text.
</p>
</div>
表单
将表单放入下拉菜单中,或将其放入下拉菜单中,然后使用边距或填充实用程序为其提供所需的负空间。
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<form class="px-4 py-3">
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="exampleDropdownFormEmail1" class="form-label">Email address</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleDropdownFormEmail1" placeholder="email@example.com">
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="exampleDropdownFormPassword1" class="form-label">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="exampleDropdownFormPassword1" placeholder="Password">
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<div class="form-check">
<input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="dropdownCheck">
<label class="form-check-label" for="dropdownCheck">
Remember me
</label>
</div>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
</form>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">New around here? Sign up</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Forgot password?</a>
</div>
<form class="dropdown-menu p-4">
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="exampleDropdownFormEmail2" class="form-label">Email address</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleDropdownFormEmail2" placeholder="email@example.com">
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="exampleDropdownFormPassword2" class="form-label">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="exampleDropdownFormPassword2" placeholder="Password">
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<div class="form-check">
<input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="dropdownCheck2">
<label class="form-check-label" for="dropdownCheck2">
Remember me
</label>
</div>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
</form>
下拉选项
使用data-bs-offset或data-bs-reference来改变下拉菜单的位置。
<div class="d-flex">
<div class="dropdown me-1">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" id="dropdownMenuOffset" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false" data-bs-offset="10,20">
Offset
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuOffset">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Reference</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" id="dropdownMenuReference" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false" data-bs-reference="parent">
<span class="visually-hidden">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuReference">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
Sass
Variables
Variables for all dropdowns:
$dropdown-min-width: 10rem;
$dropdown-padding-x: 0;
$dropdown-padding-y: .5rem;
$dropdown-spacer: .125rem;
$dropdown-font-size: $font-size-base;
$dropdown-color: $body-color;
$dropdown-bg: $white;
$dropdown-border-color: rgba($black, .15);
$dropdown-border-radius: $border-radius;
$dropdown-border-width: $border-width;
$dropdown-inner-border-radius: subtract($dropdown-border-radius, $dropdown-border-width);
$dropdown-divider-bg: $dropdown-border-color;
$dropdown-divider-margin-y: $spacer / 2;
$dropdown-box-shadow: $box-shadow;
$dropdown-link-color: $gray-900;
$dropdown-link-hover-color: shade-color($gray-900, 10%);
$dropdown-link-hover-bg: $gray-200;
$dropdown-link-active-color: $component-active-color;
$dropdown-link-active-bg: $component-active-bg;
$dropdown-link-disabled-color: $gray-500;
$dropdown-item-padding-y: $spacer / 4;
$dropdown-item-padding-x: $spacer;
$dropdown-header-color: $gray-600;
$dropdown-header-padding: $dropdown-padding-y $dropdown-item-padding-x;
Variables for the dark dropdown:
$dropdown-dark-color: $gray-300;
$dropdown-dark-bg: $gray-800;
$dropdown-dark-border-color: $dropdown-border-color;
$dropdown-dark-divider-bg: $dropdown-divider-bg;
$dropdown-dark-box-shadow: null;
$dropdown-dark-link-color: $dropdown-dark-color;
$dropdown-dark-link-hover-color: $white;
$dropdown-dark-link-hover-bg: rgba($white, .15);
$dropdown-dark-link-active-color: $dropdown-link-active-color;
$dropdown-dark-link-active-bg: $dropdown-link-active-bg;
$dropdown-dark-link-disabled-color: $gray-500;
$dropdown-dark-header-color: $gray-500;
Variables for the CSS-based carets that indicate a dropdown’s interactivity:
$caret-width: .3em;
$caret-vertical-align: $caret-width * .85;
$caret-spacing: $caret-width * .85;
Mixins
Mixins are used to generate the CSS-based carets and can be found in scss/mixins/_caret.scss
.
@mixin caret-down {
border-top: $caret-width solid;
border-right: $caret-width solid transparent;
border-bottom: 0;
border-left: $caret-width solid transparent;
}
@mixin caret-up {
border-top: 0;
border-right: $caret-width solid transparent;
border-bottom: $caret-width solid;
border-left: $caret-width solid transparent;
}
@mixin caret-end {
border-top: $caret-width solid transparent;
border-right: 0;
border-bottom: $caret-width solid transparent;
border-left: $caret-width solid;
}
@mixin caret-start {
border-top: $caret-width solid transparent;
border-right: $caret-width solid;
border-bottom: $caret-width solid transparent;
}
@mixin caret($direction: down) {
@if $enable-caret {
&::after {
display: inline-block;
margin-left: $caret-spacing;
vertical-align: $caret-vertical-align;
content: "";
@if $direction == down {
@include caret-down();
} @else if $direction == up {
@include caret-up();
} @else if $direction == end {
@include caret-end();
}
}
@if $direction == start {
&::after {
display: none;
}
&::before {
display: inline-block;
margin-right: $caret-spacing;
vertical-align: $caret-vertical-align;
content: "";
@include caret-start();
}
}
&:empty::after {
margin-left: 0;
}
}
}
用法
通过数据属性或JavaScript,下拉插件通过切换parent.dropdown菜单上的.show类来切换隐藏内容(下拉菜单)。data bs toggle=“dropdown”属性依赖于关闭应用程序级别的下拉菜单,因此最好始终使用它。
通过数据属性
将数据bs toggle=“dropdown”添加到链接或按钮以切换下拉列表。
<div class="dropdown">
<button id="dLabel" type="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown trigger
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dLabel">
...
</ul>
</div>
通过JavaScript
通过JavaScript调用下拉列表:
var dropdownElementList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('.dropdown-toggle'))
var dropdownList = dropdownElementList.map(function (dropdownToggleEl) {
return new bootstrap.Dropdown(dropdownToggleEl)
})
仍然需要data-bs-toggle="dropdown"
无论您是通过JavaScript调用dropdown还是使用dataapi,都需要在dropdown的触发器元素上显示data bs toggle=“dropdown”。
选项
选项可以通过数据属性或JavaScript传递。对于数据属性,将选项名称附加到data bs-,如data bs offset=“”中所示。
Name | Type | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
boundary |
string | element | 'clippingParents' |
下拉菜单的溢出约束边界。默认情况下,它是'clippingParents',可以接受HTMLElement引用(仅限于JavaScript)。有关更多信息,请参阅文件。 preventOverflow docs. |
reference |
string | element | object | 'toggle' |
下拉菜单的引用元素。接受“toggle”、“parent”、HTMLElement引用或提供getBoundingClientRect的对象的值。有关更多信息,请参阅Popper的构造函数文档和虚拟元素文档。 constructor docs and virtual element docs. |
display |
string | 'dynamic' |
默认情况下,我们使用Popper进行动态定位。使用static禁用此功能。 |
offset |
array | string | function | [0, 2] |
下拉列表相对于其目标的偏移量。您可以用逗号分隔的值在数据属性中传递字符串,例如:data bs offset=“10,20” 当一个函数用于确定偏移量时,调用它的第一个参数是包含popper放置、引用和popper rects的对象。触发元素DOM node作为第二个参数传递。函数必须返回一个包含两个数字的数组:
有关更多信息,请参阅offset docs. |
popperConfig |
null | object | function | null |
更改Bootstrap的默认Popper配置,请参阅Popper的配置。 Popper's configuration. 当一个函数被用来创建Popper配置时,它被一个包含引导的默认Popper配置的对象调用。它可以帮助您使用默认配置并将其与您自己的配置合并。函数必须返回Popper的配置对象。 |
与popperConfig一起使用
var dropdown = new bootstrap.Dropdown(element, {
popperConfig: function (defaultBsPopperConfig) {
// var newPopperConfig = {...}
// use defaultBsPopperConfig if needed...
// return newPopperConfig
}
})
方法
Method | Description |
---|---|
toggle |
切换给定导航栏或选项卡式导航的下拉菜单。 |
show |
显示给定导航栏或选项卡式导航的下拉菜单。 |
hide |
隐藏给定导航栏或选项卡式导航的下拉菜单。 |
update |
更新元素下拉列表的位置。 |
dispose |
销毁元素的下拉列表(删除DOM元素上存储的数据) |
getInstance |
静态方法,允许您获取与DOM元素关联的下拉实例。 |
事件
所有的下拉事件都在toggling元素上触发,然后弹出。因此,您还可以在.dropdown菜单的父元素上添加事件侦听器。hide.bs.dropdown 以及hidden.bs.dropdown 事件具有clickEvent属性(仅当原始事件类型为click时),该属性包含click事件的事件对象。
Method | Description |
---|---|
show.bs.dropdown
|
当调用show instance方法时,dropdown立即激发。 |
shown.bs.dropdown
|
当下拉列表对用户可见并且CSS转换完成时激发。 |
hide.bs.dropdown
|
用hide instance方法后立即激发。 |
hidden.bs.dropdown
|
当下拉列表对用户隐藏完成并且CSS转换完成时激发。 |
var myDropdown = document.getElementById('myDropdown')
myDropdown.addEventListener('show.bs.dropdown', function () {
// do something...
})